Kalman R, Adler J H, Lazarovici G, Bar-On H, Ziv E
Department of Physiology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 1993 Apr-Jun;4(1-2):57-68. doi: 10.1515/JBCPP.1993.4.1-2.57.
Two separate lines--diabetic and partially diabetes-resistant--have been isolated from the sand rat (Psammomys obesus), each with different growth characteristics in response to diets of varying digestible caloric densities (high energy, HE, 2.93 kcal/g, or low energy, LE, 2.38 kcal/g). Over a two week period all animals consumed similar quantities (c. 125 g) irrespective of the diet consumed. Weight gains were as follows: diabetic line on HE diet - 59.7 g, on LE - 46.2 g; non-diabetic animals from the diabetes-resistant line on HE - 44 g. Only animals from the diabetic line, fed the HE diet, developed hyperinsulinemia, obesity and diabetes. The energy cost of weight gain for the diabetic line fed either HE or LE diets was 6.0 - 6.3 kcal/g whereas for the diabetes-resistant line on the HE diet, the cost of growth was 50% higher at 9.3 kcal/g. These differences could be due either to alterations in the content of tissue laid down or to differences in energy expenditure. It has already been established that diet-induced obesity and diabetes develop in the diabetic line with features typical of insulin resistance in the metabolism of the pancreas, liver and peripheral tissues. Some of the animals of the diabetes-resistant line may also develop diabetes over a long time period and go through a phase of transient hyperinsulinemia-normoglycemia. This may represent an intermediate stage in the development of the diabetic syndrome and serve as a model of type 2 diabetes in man.
从沙鼠（肥尾沙鼠）中分离出了两条不同的品系——糖尿病品系和部分抗糖尿病品系，它们在摄入不同可消化热量密度的饮食（高能量，HE，2.93千卡/克，或低能量，LE，2.38千卡/克）时具有不同的生长特征。在两周的时间里，所有动物不论摄入何种饮食，消耗的量都相似（约125克）。体重增加情况如下：糖尿病品系在HE饮食下增加59.7克，在LE饮食下增加46.2克；抗糖尿病品系中的非糖尿病动物在HE饮食下增加44克。只有喂食HE饮食的糖尿病品系动物出现了高胰岛素血症、肥胖和糖尿病。喂食HE或LE饮食的糖尿病品系体重增加的能量成本为6.0 - 6.3千卡/克，而喂食HE饮食的抗糖尿病品系生长成本高出50%，为9.3千卡/克。这些差异可能是由于所沉积组织的含量变化，或者是能量消耗的差异。已经确定，饮食诱导的肥胖和糖尿病在糖尿病品系中发生，其特征是胰腺、肝脏和外周组织代谢中典型的胰岛素抵抗。抗糖尿病品系中的一些动物在长时间内也可能发展为糖尿病，并经历短暂的高胰岛素血症 - 正常血糖阶段。这可能代表糖尿病综合征发展的一个中间阶段，并可作为人类2型糖尿病的模型。
