Hanani M
Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel.
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 1993 Jul-Sep;4(3):157-79. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp.1993.4.3.157.
The enteric nervous system (ENS) has been recognized as the main component in regulating the function of the digestive tract and as a model for studying neuronal physiology and pharmacology. Most of the present knowledge on the ENS was derived from in vitro studies on freshly isolated plexuses. In 1978 the first study on cultured myenteric neurons was published and since then there has been a growing interest in this method. Several different culture preparations have been introduced, including the recent development of cultures from adult guinea-pigs and humans. This review summarizes the findings which have been made using cultured enteric neurons and glia. The main topics that are described are the role of the extracellular matrix and of hormones on neuronal growth, neuron-glia interactions, release of neuropeptides and their actions on neurons and co-transmission between neurons.
肠神经系统（ENS）已被公认为调节消化道功能的主要组成部分，也是研究神经元生理学和药理学的模型。目前关于肠神经系统的大部分知识都来自对新鲜分离神经丛的体外研究。1978年发表了第一项关于培养的肌间神经元的研究，从那时起，人们对这种方法的兴趣与日俱增。已经引入了几种不同的培养制剂，包括最近从成年豚鼠和人类培养物的发展。这篇综述总结了使用培养的肠神经元和神经胶质细胞所取得的研究结果。所描述的主要主题是细胞外基质和激素对神经元生长的作用、神经元 - 神经胶质细胞相互作用、神经肽的释放及其对神经元的作用以及神经元之间的共同传递。
