Vetter W, Luckas B, Heidemann G, Skírnisson K
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität-Jena, Institut für Ernährung und Umwelt, Germany.
Sci Total Environ. 1996 Jul 16;186(1-2):29-39. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(96)05084-x.
Levels of organochlorines (PCBs, sigma DDT, lindane and its isomers, HCB, chlordane, and toxaphene) were determined in blubber of marine mammals from the northern hemisphere. Differences in both levels and ratios of organochlorine compounds were detected in different species of marine mammals living in the same region, e.g. blubber of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) accumulated significantly lower levels of lindane, HCB, toxaphene, and DDT and its metabolites than harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena). Compared to such elementary differences in the organochlorine pattern in different marine mammals, the influence of age and sex on the results was only minimal. Varying ratios of contaminants in individual harbour porpoises were explained by migration. Constant PCB/DDT ratios were measured in harbour seals. Due to the sedentariness of harbour seals, even local sources of contaminants could be recognized. Careful evaluation of the organochlorine levels and ratios in marine mammals made it possible to monitor the transport of PCBs from the European continent to European Arctic regions.
测定了北半球海洋哺乳动物脂肪中有机氯（多氯联苯、总滴滴涕、林丹及其异构体、六氯苯、氯丹和毒杀芬）的含量。在同一区域生活的不同海洋哺乳动物物种中，检测到有机氯化合物的含量和比例存在差异，例如，港湾海豹（Phoca vitulina）脂肪中积累的林丹、六氯苯、毒杀芬以及滴滴涕及其代谢物的含量明显低于港湾鼠海豚（Phocoena phocoena）。与不同海洋哺乳动物有机氯模式的这种基本差异相比，年龄和性别对结果的影响微乎其微。个体港湾鼠海豚中污染物比例的差异是由迁徙造成的。在港湾海豹中测量到多氯联苯/滴滴涕的比例恒定。由于港湾海豹定居不动，甚至可以识别出当地的污染物来源。对海洋哺乳动物中有机氯含量和比例的仔细评估使得监测多氯联苯从欧洲大陆向欧洲北极地区的传输成为可能。
