Stockwell E G, Goza F W
Department of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Ohio, USA.
J Biosoc Sci. 1996 Jan;28(1):73-84. doi: 10.1017/s0021932000022094.
This paper presents an ecological analysis of the relationship between infant mortality and economic status by race in metropolitan Ohio, using census data on mother's residence, and economic status determined by the percentage of low income families living in each area. White-non-white comparisons for total infant mortality are examined for the US censuses of 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990; and more detailed period- and broad cause-specific rates are presented for 1990. A pronounced inverse association is found between income status and infant mortality for whites, but not for non-whites. Non-white post-neonatal death rates were higher for the lowest income area, but for neonatal mortality, total infant deaths, and exogenous and endogenous cause-specific death rates, there was no discernible socioeconomic differential. It is concluded that low income whites and non-whites at all income levels have infant mortality rates that are substantially higher than the overall rate for the population. Policy implications are discussed.
本文利用母亲居住地的人口普查数据以及各地区低收入家庭百分比所确定的经济状况，对俄亥俄州大都市地区按种族划分的婴儿死亡率与经济状况之间的关系进行了生态分析。针对1960年、1970年、1980年和1990年的美国人口普查，研究了白人-非白人在总婴儿死亡率方面的比较；并给出了1990年更详细的时期和广泛病因特异性死亡率。研究发现，白人的收入状况与婴儿死亡率之间存在明显的负相关，而非白人则不存在这种关系。最低收入地区非白人的新生儿后期死亡率较高，但在新生儿死亡率、总婴儿死亡率以及外因性和内因性病因特异性死亡率方面，没有明显的社会经济差异。研究得出结论，低收入白人以及所有收入水平的非白人的婴儿死亡率均显著高于总体人口的死亡率。文中还讨论了政策影响。
