Burns M, Domjan M
Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin 78712, USA.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 1996 Jul;22(3):297-306. doi: 10.1037//0097-7403.22.3.297.
Pairings of a conditioned (CS) and unconditioned (US) stimulus can result in approach to either the CS (sign tracking) or the US (goal tracking). Increasing the spatial or temporal separation between the CS and a US food has been reported to results in a decline in sign tracking and an increase in goal tracking. In the present experiments, sign tracking was the predominant response of male quail (Coturnix japonica) to a CS that was presented up to 91 cm from the door through which a female was presented as the US (Experiment 1). Contrary to reported results with food reinforcement, goal tracking was not facilitated by increasing the spatial separation between the CS and US (Experiment 2) or by introducing a trace interval between them (Experiment 3). The preponderance of sign tracking may reflect an adaptive specialization of sexual conditioning or may be related to the absence of magazine training and the use of a moving US in the sexual conditioning procedures.
条件刺激（CS）与非条件刺激（US）的配对可导致对CS（信号追踪）或US（目标追踪）的趋近。据报道，增加CS与作为US的食物之间的空间或时间间隔会导致信号追踪减少，目标追踪增加。在本实验中，信号追踪是雄性鹌鹑（日本鹌鹑）对CS的主要反应，CS在距离呈现雌性（作为US）的门最远91厘米处呈现（实验1）。与食物强化的报道结果相反，增加CS与US之间的空间间隔（实验2）或在它们之间引入痕迹间隔（实验3）并不能促进目标追踪。信号追踪占优势可能反映了性条件反射的适应性特化，或者可能与缺乏进食训练以及在性条件反射程序中使用移动的US有关。
