Mizuki N, Kimura M
Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 1996 Jun;54(6):1705-17.
The human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encodes the highly polymorphic human leukocyte antigens (HLA) responsible for antigen presentation to T cells. The HLA gene complex is located on the short arm of chromosome 6 within 6p21.3 and covers a distance of about 4,000 kb that has arisen through repeated gene duplication and conversion during evolution. The HLA class I region is about 2,000 kb in size, while the class II region is about 1,000 kb. The remainder comprises the HLA class III region. There are presently 19 HLA or HLA-like expressed genes and about 80 non-HLA expressed genes as well as 27 pseudogenes or gene fragments localized within the HLA region, although the function of most of these genes is still uncertain. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of non-HLA genes as well as HLA genes which are so far identified in this region.
人类主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）编码高度多态的人类白细胞抗原（HLA），这些抗原负责将抗原呈递给T细胞。HLA基因复合体位于6号染色体短臂的6p21.3区域内，覆盖约4000 kb的距离，该区域是在进化过程中通过重复的基因复制和转换形成的。HLA I类区域大小约为2000 kb，而II类区域约为1000 kb。其余部分为HLA III类区域。目前，HLA区域内有19个HLA或HLA样表达基因和约80个非HLA表达基因，以及27个假基因或基因片段，尽管这些基因中大多数的功能仍不确定。本文全面概述了该区域目前已鉴定出的非HLA基因和HLA基因。
