Gray M, Burns S M
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;8(1):29-38.
The elderly, critically ill patient is particularly prone to transient and established fecal or urinary incontinence. With proper management, these devastating problems can be managed, alleviated, or prevented promptly. Care of incontinence is not simply a hygienic consideration. Elderly persons who experience loss of bladder or bowel control frequently are depressed, isolated, and fearful of discovery. Left untreated, these individuals are prone to mental and social deterioration that may lead to social isolation or institutionalization. With adequate awareness and prompt management, however, the critical care nurse can prevent transient incontinence from becoming an established pattern, and he or she can serve as a resource for the elderly patient who seeks care and understanding for this significant condition.
老年重症患者尤其容易出现暂时性和持续性的大便或小便失禁。通过适当的管理，这些严重问题能够得到及时处理、缓解或预防。失禁护理不仅仅是出于卫生方面的考虑。经常出现膀胱或肠道控制功能丧失的老年人往往会感到沮丧、孤立，并且害怕被人发现。如果不加以治疗，这些人容易出现精神和社会功能退化，可能导致社会孤立或被送进养老院。然而，通过足够的认知和及时的管理，重症护理护士可以防止暂时性失禁发展成持续性模式，并且可以为寻求针对这种重要状况的护理和理解的老年患者提供帮助。
