Wilson E B
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 1996 Mar;8(1):61-70.
The use of physical restraints in health care settings is being examined carefully at all levels. Experience with the elderly in long-term care settings teaches us that in many instances physical restraints are not only unnecessary, they are also not the best available therapy. There can be little doubt that careful evaluation of the use of restraints in the critical care unit is likely to reveal alternatives to their use in many situations. In the American health care system, nurses primarily determine restraint use. Professional nurses are leading the movement to find alternatives to restraints, and critical care nurses can contribute much to the effort. Nurses must recognize restraint application as a serious treatment decision, and must apply risk-to-benefit analysis to each decision. Continuing nursing education and nursing research on restraint reduction will lead to improved care for our elderly patients.
各级医疗机构都在认真审视在医疗环境中使用身体约束措施的情况。长期护理机构中针对老年人的经验告诉我们，在许多情况下，身体约束措施不仅没有必要，而且也不是现有的最佳治疗方法。毫无疑问，对重症监护病房中约束措施的使用进行仔细评估，很可能会发现在许多情况下可以替代使用约束措施的方法。在美国医疗体系中，主要由护士来决定是否使用约束措施。专业护士正引领着寻找替代约束措施的行动，重症监护护士可以为这项工作做出很大贡献。护士必须将应用约束措施视为一项严肃的治疗决策，并且必须对每一项决策进行风险效益分析。持续开展关于减少约束措施的护理教育和护理研究，将有助于改善我们对老年患者的护理。
