Brungardt G S
University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita.
Geriatrics. 1994 Jun;49(6):43-4, 47-50.
Restraints, both mechanical and pharmacologic, have been overused in hospitals and nursing homes in the United States. Recently, a fundamental change in attitude of the health care team from a paternalistic, institution-centered mode to one that centers on the needs of the patient has led to a less restrictive approach. Typically, restraints have been used to prevent falls or wandering, to control agitation, and to protect medical devices. Before using any form of restraint, however, the physician should consider management alternatives, based on a careful consideration of the patient's problems.
在美国，机械约束和药物约束在医院和养老院中一直被过度使用。最近，医疗团队的态度发生了根本性转变，从家长式的、以机构为中心的模式转变为以患者需求为中心的模式，这导致了一种限制较少的方法。通常情况下，约束措施被用于预防跌倒或走失、控制躁动以及保护医疗设备。然而，在使用任何形式的约束之前，医生应基于对患者问题的仔细考虑，权衡其他管理方案。
