Wojner A W
AACN Clin Issues. 1996 Feb;7(1):133-45. doi: 10.1097/00044067-199602000-00012.
Rising U.S. health-care costs have resulted in mandates to reform the health system. Payors are closely scrutinizing care delivery and have empowered themselves as gatekeepers for consumer health-care access. In the late 1980s, outcomes management emerged as an interdisciplinary process advocating the measurement of health outcomes among populations undergoing medical care. Outcomes management provides a mechanism to foster development of patient-driven health services aimed to impact clinical quality through intermediate and long-term outcome analysis. Outcomes measurement facilitates ongoing enhancement of interdisciplinary health-care delivery, enabling determination of "best" practice and identification of opportunities for practice improvement. The advanced practice nurse's unique educational preparation provides a framework for development of the prerequisite leadership qualities necessary to cultivate an outcomes management program.
美国医疗保健成本的不断上升促使人们要求对医疗体系进行改革。支付方正在密切审查医疗服务的提供情况，并将自己定位为消费者获得医疗保健的把关人。在20世纪80年代后期，结果管理作为一个跨学科过程出现，倡导对接受医疗护理的人群的健康结果进行衡量。结果管理提供了一种机制，以促进以患者为导向的健康服务的发展，旨在通过中期和长期结果分析来影响临床质量。结果测量有助于持续改进跨学科医疗服务的提供，从而确定“最佳”实践并识别改进实践的机会。高级实践护士独特的教育背景为培养结果管理项目所需的必备领导素质提供了一个框架。
