Fluharty F L, Loerch S C
Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1996 Mar;74(3):504-13. doi: 10.2527/1996.743504x.
Three experiments were conducted with Simmental x Angus crossbred steers to determine the effects of energy source and level on performance of newly arrived feedlot calves. In trial 1, 68 steers (initial BW 215 +/- 9.4 kg) were used in a 2 x 3 factorial experiment to determine the effects of receiving diet and previous creep feed on performance. Diets were composed primarily of either corn silage, corn silage + alfalfa pellets + dry corn, or dry corn + alfalfa pellets. For the 41-d trial, calves fed the corn silage-based diet had greater (P < .05) ADG and feed efficiencies than calves fed the other two diets. In Trial 2, 60 steers (initial BW 212 +/- 4.6 kg) were used in a 28-d completely randomized design experiment to determine the effects of 16% CP receiving diets containing 70, 75, 80 or 85% concentrate on performance. There were no differences (P > .10) in ADG or feed efficiency due to dietary concentrate level. In Trial 3, 77 steers (initial BW 226.3 +/- 3.0 kg) were used in a 2 x 3 factorial experiment to determine the effects of dietary concentrate and protein levels on performance during a 28-d receiving period. The factors were concentrate level (70 vs 85% concentrate) and protein level (12.5%, 16%, or phase-fed at 23%, 17%, 14%, and 12.5% during wk 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively). During wk 1, calves fed the 85% concentrate diet had greater (P < .01) DMI, ADG, and feed efficiency compared with 70% concentrate. Calves fed the 16% CP and phase-fed protein diets had greater (P < .01) DMI, ADG, and greater (P < .02) feed efficiency than calves fed the 12.5% CP diets. Receiving diets containing at least 16% CP and > 70% concentrates are beneficial to calves during the first week after feedlot arrival.
进行了三项试验，以西门塔尔×安格斯杂交阉牛来确定能量来源和水平对新进入育肥场犊牛性能的影响。在试验1中，68头阉牛（初始体重215±9.4千克）用于一项2×3析因试验，以确定接受的日粮和之前的犊牛补饲对性能的影响。日粮主要由玉米青贮、玉米青贮+苜蓿颗粒+干玉米，或干玉米+苜蓿颗粒组成。在为期41天的试验中，饲喂以玉米青贮为基础日粮的犊牛比饲喂其他两种日粮的犊牛具有更高（P<0.05）的平均日增重（ADG）和饲料效率。在试验2中，60头阉牛（初始体重212±4.6千克）用于一项为期28天的完全随机设计试验，以确定含16%粗蛋白（CP）、精料比例为70%、75%、80%或85%的接受日粮对性能的影响。由于日粮精料水平不同，平均日增重或饲料效率没有差异（P>0.10）。在试验3中，77头阉牛（初始体重226.3±3.0千克）用于一项2×3析因试验，以确定日粮精料和蛋白质水平对28天接受期性能的影响。因素为精料水平（70%精料与85%精料）和蛋白质水平（12.5%、16%，或在第1、2、3和4周分别按23%、17%、14%和12.5%进行阶段饲喂）。在第1周，与70%精料组相比，饲喂85%精料日粮的犊牛具有更高（P<0.01）的干物质采食量（DMI）、平均日增重和饲料效率。与饲喂12.5%粗蛋白日粮的犊牛相比，饲喂16%粗蛋白和阶段饲喂蛋白质日粮的犊牛具有更高（P<0.01）的干物质采食量、平均日增重，以及更高（P<0.02）的饲料效率。育肥场到达后的第一周，含至少16%粗蛋白和>70%精料的接受日粮对犊牛有益。
