Burger H G
Aust Fam Physician. 1977 Feb;6(2):99-104.
The decline in oestrogen secretion at the time of the menopause may give rise to symptoms involving the genital and autonomic nervous systems. There is evidence that it may also contribute to the incidence of psychological features, such as depression, and to the development of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Oestrogen replacement therapy clearly reverses the genital changes and the hot flushes, and may prevent the development of osteoporosis and lead to improvement in depression. Recent evidence indicates an association between oestrogen replacement therapy and endometrial cancer, although the exact nature of the relationship, and the factors which might alter it, remain unknown. Current data do not permit the physician to make a decision with conviction concerning the indications for, nature of and duration of oestrogen replacement in the symptomatic post-menopausal woman, but it is recommended that she be given such therapy in effective dosage and in association with regular progestagen supplement in order to achieve medical curettage. Further research is required in order to resolve many of the relevant controversies.
绝经时雌激素分泌减少可能引发涉及生殖系统和自主神经系统的症状。有证据表明，它还可能与心理特征（如抑郁症）的发生率以及绝经后骨质疏松症的发展有关。雌激素替代疗法显然可以逆转生殖系统变化和潮热症状，还可能预防骨质疏松症的发生并改善抑郁症。最近的证据表明雌激素替代疗法与子宫内膜癌之间存在关联，尽管这种关系的确切性质以及可能改变它的因素仍不清楚。目前的数据不允许医生就有症状的绝经后妇女雌激素替代疗法的适应症、性质和持续时间做出坚定的决定，但建议以有效剂量给予此类疗法，并定期补充孕激素以实现药物刮宫。需要进一步研究以解决许多相关争议。
