Onweluzo J C, Onuoha K C, Obanu Z A
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1995 Jul;48(1):55-63. doi: 10.1007/BF01089200.
Gum was extracted from some lesser known tropical legumes--Afzelia africana, Detarium microcarpum and Mucuna flagellipes. The extracts were evaluated for some functional properties. At a constant shear rate the apparent viscosity of the gums was directly proportional to the gum concentration. At 2% concentration, the gum dispersions showed an apparent viscosity of 41.24, 115.05 and 145.14 cps for A. africana, D. microcarpum and M. flagellipes gums respectively, measured at 174/sec and 25 +/- 1 degree C with the NV sensor of Haaké rotovisko viscometer. All the gums were found to contain D-galactose as a major monosaccharide. In addition, the presence of D-mannose, and D-glucose were indicated in both D. microcarpum and M. flagellipes while L-rhamnose, was indicated only in A. africana. A. africana showed significantly (p < 0.05) lower water absorption capacity and gelation properties than D. microcarpum and M. flagellipes. All the gums showed good emulsion properties. Emulsions of M. flagellipes gum showed little response to pH changes while A. africana and D. microcarpum gum showed better emulsion properties at acid pH than at alkaline pH.
树胶是从一些不太知名的热带豆科植物中提取的，如非洲缅茄、小叶猴耳环和鞭藤黧豆。对提取物的一些功能特性进行了评估。在恒定剪切速率下，树胶的表观粘度与树胶浓度成正比。在2%的浓度下，使用哈克旋转粘度计的NV传感器在174/秒和25±1摄氏度下测量，非洲缅茄、小叶猴耳环和鞭藤黧豆树胶的胶乳表观粘度分别为41.24、115.05和145.14厘泊。发现所有树胶都含有D-半乳糖作为主要单糖。此外，小叶猴耳环和鞭藤黧豆中都含有D-甘露糖和D-葡萄糖，而仅在非洲缅茄中检测到L-鼠李糖。与小叶猴耳环和鞭藤黧豆相比，非洲缅茄的吸水能力和凝胶特性显著较低（p<0.05）。所有树胶都表现出良好的乳化性能。鞭藤黧豆树胶乳液对pH变化的响应很小，而非洲缅茄和小叶猴耳环树胶在酸性pH下比在碱性pH下表现出更好的乳化性能。
