Buyse J, Kühn E R, Decuypere E
Leuven Poultry Research Group, University of Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium.
Poult Sci. 1996 May;75(5):589-94. doi: 10.3382/ps.0750589.
The purpose of the present experiments was to compare the effects of the intermittent lighting schedule (IL) consisting of repeated cycles of 1 h light (L):3 h darkness (D) with a nearly continuous lighting schedule 23L:1D (CL) on the performance of floor-reared male and female broiler chickens. In addition, N balance trials were performed on caged broilers in order to assess their efficiency of dietary N retention. Changing from CL to IL at Day 7 was followed by a temporary reduction in feed intake and BW gain. However, IL males exhibited compensatory growth during the finisher period in such a way that at Day 41 (market age), a similar BW as that of their CL counterparts was attained. In contrast, IL females did not completely attain a BW equal to that of CL females by 41 d of age. Imposing IL reduced feed intake and improved feed conversion. Abdominal fat pad contents of broilers reared under IL were significantly smaller than those of CL broilers. From the N balance trials, it can be inferred that broilers reared under IL have an improved efficiency of dietary N retention, especially during the period of increased growth velocity. Imposing IL at Day 7 is associated with a temporary reduction in BW gain, followed by complete growth compensation of males by Day 41. Female broilers did not restore BW by this age. As a consequence of the altered growth trajectory, the manifestation of the fat growth wave is shifted to an older age together with an enhanced efficiency of N retention.
本实验的目的是比较由1小时光照（L）：3小时黑暗（D）的重复循环组成的间歇光照时间表（IL）与近乎连续的光照时间表23L：1D（CL）对地面饲养的雄性和雌性肉鸡生产性能的影响。此外，对笼养肉鸡进行了氮平衡试验，以评估它们对日粮氮的保留效率。在第7天从CL改为IL后，采食量和体重增加暂时减少。然而，IL组雄性肉鸡在育肥期表现出补偿性生长，以至于在第41天（上市日龄）时，其体重与CL组雄性肉鸡相似。相比之下，IL组雌性肉鸡在41日龄时体重并未完全达到CL组雌性肉鸡的水平。采用IL降低了采食量并改善了饲料转化率。IL饲养条件下的肉鸡腹部脂肪垫含量显著低于CL饲养条件下的肉鸡。从氮平衡试验可以推断，IL饲养条件下的肉鸡日粮氮保留效率有所提高，尤其是在生长速度加快的时期。在第7天采用IL与体重增加暂时减少有关，随后雄性肉鸡在第41天实现完全生长补偿。雌性肉鸡在这个日龄时体重未能恢复。由于生长轨迹的改变，脂肪生长波的表现转移到了更老的日龄，同时氮保留效率提高。
