Glick S D, Pearl S M, Cai J, Maisonneuve I M
Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, NY 12208, USA.
Brain Res. 1996 Mar 25;713(1-2):294-7. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(95)01563-9.
Ibogaine is a naturally occurring alkaloid that has been claimed to be effective in treating addiction to opioids and stimulants; a single dose is claimed to be effective for 6 months. Analogously, studies in rats have demonstrated prolonged (one or more days) effects of ibogaine on morphine and cocaine self-administration even though ibogaine is mostly eliminated from the body in several hours. These observations have suggested that a metabolite may mediate some of the effects of ibogaine. Recently, noribogaine was identified as a metabolite of ibogaine. Accordingly, the present study sought to determine, in rats, whether noribogaine had pharmacological effects mimicking those of ibogaine. Noribogaine (40 mg/kg) was found to decrease morphine and cocaine self-administration, reduce the locomotor stimulant effect of morphine, and decrease extracellular levels of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens and striatum. All of these effects were similar to effects previously observed with ibogaine (40 mg/kg); however, noribogaine did not induce any ibogaine-like tremors. The results suggest that noribogaine may be a mediator of ibogaine's putative anti-addictive effects.
伊博格碱是一种天然存在的生物碱，据称对治疗阿片类药物和兴奋剂成瘾有效；单次给药据称能在6个月内发挥作用。类似地，对大鼠的研究表明，尽管伊博格碱在数小时内大部分从体内清除，但它对吗啡和可卡因自我给药仍有延长（一天或更长时间）的作用。这些观察结果表明，一种代谢产物可能介导了伊博格碱的一些作用。最近，去甲伊博格碱被鉴定为伊博格碱的一种代谢产物。因此，本研究试图在大鼠中确定去甲伊博格碱是否具有模仿伊博格碱的药理作用。结果发现，去甲伊博格碱（40毫克/千克）能减少吗啡和可卡因的自我给药，降低吗啡的运动兴奋作用，并降低伏隔核和纹状体中多巴胺的细胞外水平。所有这些作用都与先前观察到的伊博格碱（40毫克/千克）的作用相似；然而，去甲伊博格碱并未诱发任何类似伊博格碱的震颤。结果表明，去甲伊博格碱可能是伊博格碱假定的抗成瘾作用介质。
