Remes K, Tienhaara A, Pelliniemi T T
Department of Medicine, Turku University of Central Hospital, Finland.
Leuk Lymphoma. 1996 Apr;21(3-4):233-8. doi: 10.3109/10428199209067605.
Beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) forms the small invariable light chain subunit of class I HLA antigens on the cell membrane of all nucleated cells. During the continuous turnover of the HLA molecules, B2M is shed from the cell membrane into blood. Lymphocytes are the main source of serum free B2M. Serum B2M concentration is increased in renal diseases, various malignant diseases and some inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. In lymphatic malignancies serum B2M has significant prognostic value. Interferons (IFNs) have the ability to enhance the expression of class I and II histocompatibility antigens. Accordingly, IFNs cause a rise in formation and release of B2M. Currently, treatment with IFN alpha is used in diseases, like multiple myeloma, where serum B2M measurements are used to assess tumor burden. We have measured serum B2M levels during IFN alpha treatment in patients with both multiple myeloma and chronic myeloproliferative diseases, and IFN alpha caused a significant increase in serum B2M. It can be concluded that use of IFN alpha abolishes the value of serum B2M as an indicator of disease activity.
β2微球蛋白（B2M）构成所有有核细胞膜上I类HLA抗原的小的恒定轻链亚基。在HLA分子持续更新的过程中，B2M从细胞膜脱落进入血液。淋巴细胞是血清游离B2M的主要来源。血清B2M浓度在肾脏疾病、各种恶性疾病以及一些炎症和自身免疫性疾病中会升高。在淋巴系统恶性肿瘤中，血清B2M具有重要的预后价值。干扰素（IFN）能够增强I类和II类组织相容性抗原的表达。因此，IFN会导致B2M的生成和释放增加。目前，α干扰素治疗用于如多发性骨髓瘤等疾病，在这些疾病中血清B2M测量用于评估肿瘤负荷。我们已经测量了多发性骨髓瘤和慢性骨髓增殖性疾病患者在α干扰素治疗期间的血清B2M水平，α干扰素导致血清B2M显著升高。可以得出结论，使用α干扰素会使血清B2M作为疾病活动指标的价值丧失。
