Martin C S, Clifford P R, Maisto S A, Earleywine M, Kirisci L, Longabaugh R
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15213-2593, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996 May;20(3):413-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01067.x.
Over the past 30 years in the United States, there have been marked secular increases in polydrug use. Alcohol and other substance use disorders are highly comorbid. Yet, little research has characterized patterns of polydrug use in persons with alcohol dependence. In particular, little is known about this population's use of alcohol and other drugs in combination or on the same day, which is termed simultaneous polydrug use (SPU). This research assessed patterns of SPU in 212 problem drinkers who participated in an alcohol treatment outcome study. Subjects were given a Time-Line Follow-Back interview that assessed the use of alcohol and nine other drug classes for each day of the 120 days before treatment entry. A majority of subjects (61%) reported SPU during this assessment interval. Subjects who reported SPU were disproportionately younger, male, and unmarried, compared with those who did not report SPU. The most common alcohol/drug combinations were alcohol with cocaine (60% of subjects who reported SPU), alcohol with marijuana (51% of SPU subjects), and alcohol with sedatives (31% of SPU subjects). The most common three-drug combination was alcohol, cocaine, and marijuana (23% of SPU subjects). Alcohol use and drug use were associated at the event level, significantly more than association predicted by the base rates of the individual behaviors. Time-Line Follow-Back data correlated highly with a questionnaire measure of SPU. Results indicate that polydrug use is an important focus for assessment and intervention in alcohol treatment programs.
在美国过去的30年里，多药滥用现象有显著的长期增长。酒精和其他物质使用障碍高度共病。然而，很少有研究描述酒精依赖者的多药滥用模式。特别是，对于这个群体同时使用酒精和其他药物（即在同一天使用，称为同时多药使用，SPU）的情况知之甚少。这项研究评估了212名参与酒精治疗结果研究的问题饮酒者的SPU模式。研究对象接受了时间线回溯访谈，该访谈评估了治疗开始前120天中每天酒精和其他九类药物的使用情况。在此评估期间，大多数研究对象（61%）报告了SPU。与未报告SPU的研究对象相比，报告SPU的研究对象在年龄、性别和婚姻状况方面存在不成比例的差异，他们更年轻、男性居多且未婚。最常见的酒精/药物组合是酒精与可卡因（报告SPU的研究对象中有60%）、酒精与大麻（51%的SPU研究对象）以及酒精与镇静剂（31%的SPU研究对象）。最常见的三种药物组合是酒精、可卡因和大麻（23%的SPU研究对象）。酒精使用和药物使用在事件层面相关，显著高于个体行为基线率预测的关联。时间线回溯数据与SPU的问卷调查测量高度相关。结果表明，多药滥用是酒精治疗项目评估和干预的重要重点。
