Moore J S, Garg A
Department of Occupational Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 1996 Apr;29(4):402-8. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199604)29:4<402::AID-AJIM25>3.0.CO;2-4.
Participatory ergonomics teams from two departments of a pork slaughtering plant analyzed musculoskeletal hazards and proposed ergonomics solutions for several jobs in the plant. The jobs were targeted based on association with a large number of injuries, one or more particularly severe injuries, high workers' compensation expenses, and/or high turnover plus absence of obvious solutions to abate the hazards. The teams used a structured problem-solving method that was generally derived from principles associated with quality improvement processes. Workers performing the targeted jobs were involved in the problem-solving process, even if they were not members of the team. The effectiveness of each team was assessed and compared in terms of the number of problem jobs addressed and feedback from team members. One team addressed all nine of its targeted jobs; the other team addressed eight of 12 targeted jobs. Feedback from team members regarding their teams' methods and performance was generally favorable. The major obstacle to effective team functioning in this project was the scheduling of meetings. There were also some obstacles related to team leadership. Overall, this project demonstrated that the use of participatory ergonomics teams that rely on structured problem-solving methods are able to work effectively to address musculoskeletal hazards, especially related to the upper extremities, in the red meat packing industry.
一家猪肉屠宰厂两个部门的参与式工效学团队分析了肌肉骨骼危害，并针对该厂的多项工作提出了工效学解决方案。这些工作是根据与大量伤害、一处或多处特别严重的伤害、高额的工人赔偿费用和/或高离职率相关联，且缺乏减轻危害的明显解决方案来确定的。团队采用了一种结构化的问题解决方法，该方法通常源自与质量改进流程相关的原则。从事目标工作的工人参与了问题解决过程，即使他们不是团队成员。根据解决的问题工作数量和团队成员的反馈，对每个团队的有效性进行了评估和比较。一个团队解决了其所有九个目标工作；另一个团队解决了12个目标工作中的8个。团队成员对其团队方法和表现的反馈总体上是积极的。该项目中团队有效运作的主要障碍是会议安排。此外，还存在一些与团队领导有关的障碍。总体而言，该项目表明，使用依赖结构化问题解决方法的参与式工效学团队能够有效地解决红肉包装行业中的肌肉骨骼危害，尤其是与上肢相关的危害。
