Misoprostol prophylaxis for high-dose chemotherapy-induced mucositis: a randomized double-blind study.

From April 1993 to September 1993, 15 patients with lymphoid or solid neoplasms underwent 16 non-cryopreserved peripheral stem cell transplantation courses using the ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide) program. They were randomized in a double-blind clinical trial to received oral misoprostol or placebo for mucositis prophylaxis. The active drug or placebo administration began jointly with chemotherapy at day -4 and was continued until day 16. The mucositis incidence and severity was significantly higher in patients who received misoprostol. We found no differences regarding myelosuppression, infections or other chemotherapy complications. Our results do not support the use of oral misoprostol as administered in this study, for high-dose chemotherapy-induced mucositis prophylaxis.