Kampis G
Department of History and Philosophy of Science, Eotvos University, Budapest, Hungary.
Biosystems. 1996;38(2-3):119-25. doi: 10.1016/0303-2647(95)01581-7.
The mechanisms of information processing in Turning machines and biological systems are examined from the point of view of physical sets of variables. Computation is characterized as a process, the realization of which involves a bounded set of interactions and a pre-definable set of variables in real systems. Using ideas from process philosophy, the ability of natural systems to transcend these computational modes is discussed. A class of systems, called self-modifying systems, that utilize persistent shifts in their defining interactions and variable composition is introduced. Various other ideas that lead to similarly non-computational or semi-computational scenarios (as in the case of distributed code systems) are referenced. As applications, computer models of emergent phenomena using randomly growing interaction sets as well as theoretical issues that range from the meaning of simulation to the problem of information gain in self-modifying systems are discussed.
从物理变量集的角度研究了图灵机和生物系统中的信息处理机制。计算被描述为一个过程，其实现涉及实际系统中有界的一组相互作用和一组预先定义的变量。运用过程哲学的思想，讨论了自然系统超越这些计算模式的能力。引入了一类称为自修改系统的系统，这类系统利用其定义的相互作用和变量组成的持续变化。还引用了导致类似非计算或半计算场景（如分布式代码系统的情况）的各种其他思想。作为应用，讨论了使用随机增长的相互作用集的涌现现象的计算机模型，以及从模拟的意义到自修改系统中的信息增益问题等理论问题。
