Bénéfice E, Fouéré T, Malina R M, Beunen G
Laboratoire de Nutrition Tropicale, Institut Français de Recherche Scientifique pour le Développement en Coopération, Montpellier, France.
Child Care Health Dev. 1996 May;22(3):151-65.
The effects of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) on the motor performance of 4.5-6.5-year-old Senegalese children were studied. Body dimensions included weight, lengths, circumferences, and four skinfolds. Motor performance tests included a 3-min endurance run, 4 x 10 m shuttle-run, distance throw, standing long jump and grip strength. The sample consisted of 147 children: 52 children who were hospitalized for severe undernutrition (severe UN group) during infancy but who had been nutritionally rehabilitated; 63 children who were never severely malnourished but who were chronically exposed to mild-to-moderate undernutrition up to the time of study (chronic UN group); and 32 well nourished children (well nourished group) from well-off households. After adjusting for sex and age, the well nourished group performed better than the severe UN and chronic UN groups. Principal components analysis resulted in two factors which explained 65% of the variance in anthropometry and motor performance. One was related to body size and the second to body composition. The three nutritional groups differed significantly in principal component scores for the two factors; chronic UN and severe UN children also differed for the second factor. Body composition, especially low fat mass appeared to be an important feature for motor performance in chronically undernourished children.
本研究探讨了蛋白质能量营养不良（PEM）对4.5至6.5岁塞内加尔儿童运动能力的影响。身体测量指标包括体重、身长、周长和四处皮褶厚度。运动能力测试包括3分钟耐力跑、4×10米穿梭跑、掷远、立定跳远和握力。样本包括147名儿童：52名婴儿期因严重营养不良住院（重度营养不良组）但已营养康复的儿童；63名从未患过严重营养不良但在研究时长期处于轻度至中度营养不良状态的儿童（慢性营养不良组）；以及32名来自富裕家庭的营养良好儿童（营养良好组）。在对性别和年龄进行校正后，营养良好组的表现优于重度营养不良组和慢性营养不良组。主成分分析得出两个因素，这两个因素解释了人体测量和运动能力65%的方差。一个与身体大小有关，另一个与身体成分有关。三个营养组在这两个因素的主成分得分上有显著差异；慢性营养不良组和重度营养不良组儿童在第二个因素上也存在差异。身体成分，尤其是低脂肪量，似乎是慢性营养不良儿童运动能力的一个重要特征。
