Akeyson E W, McCutcheon I E
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
Oncology (Williston Park). 1996 May;10(5):747-56; discussion 756-9.
Usually considered benign tumors, meningiomas can display aggressive behavior characterized by multiple recurrences and invasion of the brain, dura, and adjacent bone. The aggressive or malignant phenotype is difficult to characterize due to the broad spectrum of behaviors exhibited by meningiomas. Recent classification schemes based on features of anaplasia rather than histopathology have been used successfully to identify meningiomas that exhibit features of the aggressive phenotype. Some such tumors can be identified preoperatively by radiographic characteristics. Surgery is the cornerstone of treatment for all types of meningiomas. Conventional radiation therapy is beneficial for patients with recurrent (or incompletely resected) benign meningiomas and is recommended for those with aggressive and malignant meningiomas. Stereotactic radiation and interstitial brachytherapy are useful in some refractory or recurrent meningiomas. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents are not very effective against meningiomas, but hormonal manipulation is under study for patients with inoperable tumors or those who are medically unsuitable for surgery.
通常被认为是良性肿瘤的脑膜瘤，可表现出侵袭性行为，其特征为多次复发以及侵犯脑、硬脑膜和邻近骨骼。由于脑膜瘤表现出的行为谱广泛，侵袭性或恶性表型难以界定。最近基于间变特征而非组织病理学的分类方案已成功用于识别表现出侵袭性表型特征的脑膜瘤。一些此类肿瘤可通过影像学特征在术前识别。手术是所有类型脑膜瘤治疗的基石。传统放射治疗对复发性（或未完全切除的）良性脑膜瘤患者有益，对于侵袭性和恶性脑膜瘤患者也推荐使用。立体定向放射治疗和组织间近距离放射治疗对一些难治性或复发性脑膜瘤有用。传统化疗药物对脑膜瘤不太有效，但对于无法手术的肿瘤患者或因医学原因不适合手术的患者，激素治疗正在研究中。
