Araujo M, Wandosell F
Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco-Madrid, Spain.
J Neurosci Res. 1996 May 15;44(4):397-409. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19960515)44:4<397::AID-JNR11>3.0.CO;2-#.
The tissue response after brain damage implicates the cellular "activation" of astrocytes and microglia. This glial response is referred as reactive gliosis. Using immunohistochemical markers, we have analyzed the neuronal and glial response to some neurotoxic-induced lesions. We have compared the effects of two glutamate analogs, AMPA and kainic acid, with those of traumatic injury. Our data showed that the time-course of appearance, the relative contribution of and the behavior of reactive astrocytes and microglial cells were clearly different after AMPA or kainic acid administration. The immunoreactivity associated with microglia response, with respect to the immunoreactivity associated with reactive astrocytes, was higher after AMPA damage than after kainic acid treatment. In both cases, however, glial cells were more abundant than after traumatic lesions. Interestingly, the CA1 pyramidal neurons affected by AMPA and some cortical neurons affected by traumatic injury responded with an overexpression of amyloid precursor protein, whereas no neuronal response was detected after the kainic acid treatment. Our data suggest that the gliotic response is highly specific to the type of insult and heterogeneous depending on the brain area affected.
脑损伤后的组织反应涉及星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的细胞“激活”。这种胶质反应被称为反应性胶质增生。我们使用免疫组织化学标记物，分析了神经元和胶质细胞对一些神经毒性诱导损伤的反应。我们比较了两种谷氨酸类似物（AMPA和 kainic 酸）与创伤性损伤的影响。我们的数据表明，在给予AMPA或kainic酸后，反应性星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞出现的时间进程、相对贡献和行为明显不同。与反应性星形胶质细胞相关的免疫反应性相比，AMPA损伤后与小胶质细胞反应相关的免疫反应性高于kainic酸处理后。然而，在这两种情况下，胶质细胞都比创伤性损伤后更为丰富。有趣的是，受AMPA影响的CA1锥体神经元和受创伤性损伤影响的一些皮质神经元对淀粉样前体蛋白的过度表达有反应，而在kainic酸处理后未检测到神经元反应。我们的数据表明，胶质增生反应对损伤类型具有高度特异性，并且根据受影响的脑区而异。
