Asai H, Aoki J
Faculty of General Education, Ehime University, Japan.
Int J Sports Med. 1996 Apr;17(3):170-4. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-972827.
There are still unclarified points remaining in regard to the characteristics of force development in children who are immature in their basic activities in daily living. Moreover, there are morphological, histological, and biochemical differences between immature and mature muscles. In the present study, dynamic elbow flexion and static contractions which were performed by elbow flexors with maximum effort were examined by force-velocity and force-time relationships and electromyograms (EMG) in six-year-old children and in adults. In dynamic contractions with various loads, the force-velocity relationship for children was (P + 5.65) (v + 1.48) = 19.51, and (P + 14.65) (v + 2.26) = 96.21 for adults. The maximum power in children and adults was 22.8 watts and 160.8 watts, respectively. The contraction delay in children was greater than that in adults for every relative load. In static contractions, the maximum rate of force development for children was significantly lower than that for adults at each pre-tension. With an increase in pre-tension, the adult rate showed a tendency to decrease, whereas the rate for children showed no change. The electromechanical delay observed in children was significantly greater than that in adults. For dynamic and static contractions, the contractile speed in children was lower than that in adults.
在日常生活基本活动尚不成熟的儿童中，关于力量发展的特征仍存在未阐明的要点。此外，未成熟肌肉与成熟肌肉之间存在形态学、组织学和生物化学差异。在本研究中，通过力量-速度关系、力量-时间关系以及肌电图（EMG），对6岁儿童和成年人以最大努力进行的动态屈肘和静态收缩进行了检测。在不同负荷的动态收缩中，儿童的力量-速度关系为（P + 5.65）（v + 1.48） = 19.51，成人为（P + 14.65）（v + 2.26） = 96.21。儿童和成人的最大功率分别为22.8瓦和160.8瓦。对于每个相对负荷，儿童的收缩延迟均大于成人。在静态收缩中，在每个预张力下，儿童的最大力量发展速率均显著低于成人。随着预张力增加，成人的速率呈下降趋势，而儿童的速率则无变化。儿童中观察到的机电延迟显著大于成人。对于动态和静态收缩，儿童的收缩速度低于成人。
