Blood pressure and progression of renal failure in the elderly.

There are a lack of studies about elderly patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). We studied 22 patients, aged 64 to 74 years, who were diagnosed with hypertensive nephropathy (HN), defined as a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 95 mm Hg and a basal creatinine clearance (CCr) of 52 +/- 6 ml/min/1.73 m2. During the minimum two-year follow-up, the progression of renal failure (RF) was analyzed by the plotted slope of CCr versus time. Patients were divided into two groups, each administered one of two different drugs, Ca antagonists (group I) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (group II). The DBP in both groups was lowered by the end of the study. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was less in group I (97.35 +/- 5.98 mm Hg) than in group II (108.3 +/- 9.95 mm Hg). The decline in renal function was a mean rate of -0.62 +/- 0.36 ml/min/month in group I and -1.03 +/- 0.17 ml/min/month in group II. In conclusion, we show that patients who were on ACE inhibitors exhibited a greater MAP and a greater decline in renal function compared with the patients who were on Ca antagonist therapy. We also found that patients who were younger than 70 years old had better control of their blood pressure rates and less of a rate of decline in renal function than their older counterparts.