Simmonds M J, Kumar S, Lechelt E
School of Physical Therapy, Texas Woman's University, Houston 77030, USA.
Disabil Rehabil. 1996 Apr;18(4):161-8. doi: 10.3109/09638289609166295.
Low back pain (LBP) is a common problem that is costly in both financial and human terms. The impact of LBP on an individual varies greatly. For some, LBP is a minor inconvenience; but for others LBP is associated with significant disability and with psychosocial dysfunction for the individual and for the family. Whether psychosocial factors are causes or consequences has been the subject of debate. This paper is a review of psychosocial factors associated with disabling LBP. It addresses the question of whether these factors are causes or consequences of the disability due to LBP. Based on this review it was concluded that there is little evidence in support of the concept of a pain-prone personality. Once LBP has occurred, the impact of the LBP on the individual and the family is influenced by the health-beliefs and coping strategies of the individual and the family. Distress appears to be secondary to physical restriction rather than pain, but the distress may aggravate the pain and thus the disability. The paper concludes with a discussion of the impact of health practitioners on pain-related disability.
腰痛（LBP）是一个常见问题，在经济和人力方面代价高昂。LBP对个体的影响差异很大。对一些人来说，LBP只是轻微不便；但对另一些人而言，LBP与严重残疾以及个体和家庭的心理社会功能障碍相关。心理社会因素是原因还是结果一直是争论的主题。本文是对与致残性LBP相关的心理社会因素的综述。它探讨了这些因素是LBP所致残疾的原因还是结果这一问题。基于此综述得出的结论是，几乎没有证据支持疼痛易感性人格这一概念。一旦发生LBP，LBP对个体和家庭的影响会受到个体和家庭的健康信念及应对策略的影响。痛苦似乎继发于身体限制而非疼痛，但痛苦可能会加重疼痛，进而加重残疾。本文最后讨论了医疗从业者对与疼痛相关的残疾的影响。
