Addison J A
Forest Pest Management Institute, NRCan CFS, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1996 Feb;33(1):55-61. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1996.0006.
Tebufenozide, a new molt-inducing insecticide that mimics the action of ecdysone, is being considered for use to control defoliating lepidoptera in forests in Canada. Soil microcosms, employing substrates and species from the ecosystems in which spraying is likely to occur, were used to evaluate the effects of this compound on soil invertebrates. The forest earthworm (Dendrobaena octaedra Savigny) and four species of Collembola (Folsomia candida Willem, F. nivalis (Packard), Onychiurus parvicornis Mills, and Hypogastrura pannosa Macnamara) were tested. Survival, growth, and reproduction (cocoon production and viability) in the forest earthworm D. octaedra were not affected by exposure to tebufenozide at concentrations up to and including 100x expected environmental concentration (EEC; equivalent to the operational spray rate; 70 g/ha) in leaf litter over a 10-week period. Similarly, population growth over 8-10 weeks in the four species of soil Collembola in LFH material contaminated with tebufenozide at 100x EEC was not affected. Based on the results of these (limited) tests, it therefore appears that, under normal operational conditions, tebufenozide should not pose a hazard to soil invertebrates. The selection of appropriate test species and systems for forestry applications is discussed.
虫酰肼是一种新型的蜕皮诱导杀虫剂，可模拟蜕皮激素的作用，加拿大正考虑使用其来防治森林中落叶鳞翅目害虫。利用可能进行喷洒作业的生态系统中的基质和物种构建土壤微观生态系统，以评估该化合物对土壤无脊椎动物的影响。对森林蚯蚓（八毛枝蚓，Dendrobaena octaedra Savigny）和四种弹尾目昆虫（白色符氏跳虫，Folsomia candida Willem；雪栖符氏跳虫，F. nivalis (Packard)；小角奥氏跳虫，Onychiurus parvicornis Mills；多毛矮跳虫，Hypogastrura pannosa Macnamara）进行了测试。在长达10周的时间里，八毛枝蚓暴露于浓度高达及包括100倍预期环境浓度（EEC；相当于实际喷洒率，70克/公顷）的虫酰肼处理的落叶层中，其存活、生长和繁殖（茧的产生和活力）均未受到影响。同样，在被100倍EEC的虫酰肼污染的LFH材料中，四种土壤弹尾目昆虫在8 - 10周内的种群增长也未受影响。基于这些（有限的）测试结果，因此看来，在正常作业条件下，虫酰肼对土壤无脊椎动物不应构成危害。文中还讨论了林业应用中合适测试物种和系统的选择。
