Costa E O, Ribeiro A R, Melville P A, Prada M S, Carciofi A C, Watanabe E T
Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa em Glândula Mamária e Produção Leiteira (NAP-GAMA), Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Mycopathologia. 1996;133(2):85-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00439118.
Protothecosis was described in many animals, with bovine mastitis being the main form. The increasing number of isolations of Prototheca spp. from bovine mastitis cases indicates the need of a detailed evaluation of this problem. Besides this, these algae do not respond to treatment with the antimicrobians most frequently applied, leading to elimination of the affected animals, as the best method to control the disease. In two dairy farms in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, a total of 155 lactating cows and 52 dry cows were examined. Milk samples were aseptically collected from lactating cows with clinical or subclinical mastitis. From dry cows, secretion samples from all quarters were collected. All samples were then taken to microbiological exams. At dairy farm 1, Prototheca spp. was isolated from 14.95% milk samples from lactating cows, (all of them cases of subclinical mastitis), and from 8.06% samples from dry cows. At dairy farm 2, Prototheca spp. was isolated from 5.1% milk samples and there were ten cases of clinical mastitis due to this agent. Although clinical mastitis has been considered the main form of occurrence of this pathology until now, it is important to consider Prototheca spp. as subclinical mastitis pathogen. Prototheca zopfii was the main specie isolated. In this study a high rate of intramammarian infections, as clinical or subclinical mastitis during lactation as well as in dry period, was observed, high lighting the importance of suitable diagnosis, so that control and preventive measures can be implemented to avoid dissemination of the agent.
原壁菌病在许多动物中都有描述，其中牛乳腺炎是主要形式。从牛乳腺炎病例中分离出的原壁菌属数量不断增加，这表明需要对该问题进行详细评估。除此之外，这些藻类对最常用的抗菌药物治疗没有反应，导致受感染动物被淘汰，这是控制该病的最佳方法。在巴西圣保罗州的两个奶牛场，共检查了155头泌乳奶牛和52头干奶期奶牛。从患有临床或亚临床乳腺炎的泌乳奶牛中无菌采集牛奶样本。从干奶期奶牛中，采集所有乳腺的分泌物样本。然后将所有样本送去进行微生物学检查。在奶牛场1，从14.95%的泌乳奶牛牛奶样本（均为亚临床乳腺炎病例）和8.06%的干奶期奶牛样本中分离出原壁菌属。在奶牛场2，从5.1%的牛奶样本中分离出原壁菌属，并且有10例由该病原体引起的临床乳腺炎病例。尽管到目前为止临床乳腺炎一直被认为是这种病理的主要发生形式，但将原壁菌属视为亚临床乳腺炎病原体也很重要。魏氏原壁菌是主要分离出的菌种。在这项研究中，观察到在泌乳期以及干奶期，作为临床或亚临床乳腺炎的乳腺内感染率很高，这凸显了适当诊断的重要性，以便能够实施控制和预防措施以避免病原体传播。
