Herbert G, Easteal S
John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Mol Biol Evol. 1996 Sep;13(7):1054-7. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025656.
Rates of substitution were compared between humans and Old World monkeys for sequences in or adjacent to 19 genes. The comparison of 21,299 sites in noncoding regions indicates that the substitution rate is approximately 43% greater in the Old World monkey lineage. However, 83% of the compared sites are in the region of the beta-globin gene family. Outside this region there is no consistent pattern of rate difference between the two lineages. Comparison of the coding regions of 16 genomically dispersed genes, involving 1,592 synonymous sites and 5,275 nonsynonymous sites, showed a faster rate of substitution in the human lineage at the nonsynonymous sites of the prion gene, but otherwise no evidence of rate difference between the two lineages. It is concluded that rate differences between these two lineages may be specific to certain regions of the genome rather than being a general phenomenon. This conclusion needs to be confirmed by comparison of a larger number of genomically dispersed sequences. It is, however, consistent with the results of DNA-DNA hybridization experiments, which show no difference in evolutionary rate between the two lineages.
对人类和旧世界猴19个基因内部或其邻近区域的序列替换率进行了比较。对非编码区21,299个位点的比较表明，旧世界猴谱系中的替换率大约高43%。然而，83%的比较位点位于β-珠蛋白基因家族区域。在该区域之外，两个谱系之间没有一致的速率差异模式。对16个基因组分散基因的编码区进行比较，涉及1,592个同义位点和5,275个非同义位点，结果显示在朊病毒基因的非同义位点上，人类谱系的替换率更快，但除此之外，没有证据表明两个谱系之间存在速率差异。得出的结论是，这两个谱系之间的速率差异可能特定于基因组的某些区域，而不是普遍现象。这一结论需要通过比较更多的基因组分散序列来证实。然而，这与DNA-DNA杂交实验的结果一致，该实验表明两个谱系之间的进化速率没有差异。
