Wong K S, Lin T Y, Lan R S
Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, ROC.
Zhonghua Min Guo Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi. 1996 May-Jun;37(3):193-6.
A heterogeneous group of 11 children with atelectasis persisting longer than one month were investigated for the causes using chest computed tomography and fiberoptic bronchoscope. Four young infants had right upper lobe (RUL) posterior segmental atelectasis simulating RUL lobar collapse in plain chest films; all had only two visible segmental bronchi by bronchoscopic examination. Intraluminal obstruction in the central airway was not a common cause of pediatric chronic atelectasis in this small series of patients. Only one obstructive atelectasis caused by dilated pulmonary arteries was detected in this study. Two patients with pre-existing neuromuscular diseases showed multiple atelectasis. The atelectatic lobes do not spontaneously re-inflate following flexible bronchoscopy. Investigations involving a larger number of cases are needed to substantiate the etiologies and to guide specific therapy for those children with chronic atelectasis.
对11名肺不张持续时间超过1个月的异质性儿童群体进行了研究，采用胸部计算机断层扫描和纤维支气管镜检查病因。4名幼儿有右上叶（RUL）后段肺不张，在胸部平片中类似RUL叶萎陷；通过支气管镜检查，所有患儿仅可见两条节段性支气管。在这一小系列患者中，中央气道腔内阻塞并非小儿慢性肺不张的常见原因。本研究仅检测到1例由扩张肺动脉引起的阻塞性肺不张。两名患有既往神经肌肉疾病的患者出现多处肺不张。柔性支气管镜检查后，肺不张的肺叶不会自行复张。需要开展涉及更多病例的研究，以证实病因，并指导那些患有慢性肺不张儿童的具体治疗。
