Sánchez-Román F R, Pérez-Lucio C, Juárez-Ruíz C, Vélez-Zamora N M, Jiménez-Villarruel M
Servicios de Salud en el Trabajo, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS).
Salud Publica Mex. 1996 May-Jun;38(3):189-96.
To study the incidence of asthenopia among computer terminal operators as compared to unexposed administrative workers and to identify the risk factors associated with this condition.
A sample of 35 computer terminal operators and 70 unexposed administrative workers from eight computing centers at an educational institution were included in the study. The risk factors studied were: lighting, contrast, type of lighting, screen type, electrostatic field, eye to monitor distance, time and number of hours worked, age, use of corrective lenses, seniority and overtime. Asthenopia was clinically identified as the presence of at least one sign and symptom present in a given workday.
Asthenopia was found in 68.5% of the exposed group and in 47.7% of the unexposed group (p < 0.05). Among the risk factors studied, working for more than four hours at the video display terminal was shown to have a significant association with asthenopia (p < 0.05).
A recommendation is made to take breaks during the workday at computer terminals in order to avoid visual fatigue. Also, more extensive studies should be carried out in our population to establish safety criteria and to standardize work activities using computer terminals.
研究计算机终端操作人员与未接触的行政工作人员相比视疲劳的发生率，并确定与这种情况相关的风险因素。
本研究纳入了某教育机构八个计算中心的35名计算机终端操作人员和70名未接触的行政工作人员作为样本。所研究的风险因素包括：照明、对比度、照明类型、屏幕类型、静电场、眼睛与显示器的距离、工作时间和时长、年龄、是否使用矫正镜片、工龄和加班情况。视疲劳在临床上被定义为在特定工作日出现至少一种体征和症状。
暴露组中68.5%的人出现视疲劳，未暴露组中这一比例为47.7%（p < 0.05）。在所研究的风险因素中，在视频显示终端工作超过四小时与视疲劳有显著关联（p < 0.05）。
建议在工作日使用计算机终端时休息一下，以避免视觉疲劳。此外，应在我们的人群中开展更广泛的研究，以建立安全标准并规范使用计算机终端的工作活动。
