Henry M, Tschachler E
Department of Dermatology, University of Vienna Medical School, Austria.
Photochem Photobiol. 1996 Aug;64(2):275-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb02458.x.
In human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection, diseases of the skin and mucous membranes frequently dominate the clinical picture as a consequence of progressive immunodeficiency. Functional impairment of the skin immune system, manifesting as a loss of the skin delayed-type hypersensitivity response is very likely due to the infection of immunocompetent cells of the skin by HIV-1. Besides CD4+ T cells, antigen-presenting Langerhans cells have been established as major targets of HIV-1 infection. The close physical contact of Langerhans with T lymphocytes during immune activation suggests central role of these cells in the dissemination of HIV-1 and the subsequent breakdown of the skin immune system. In addition, there are indications that mucosal Langerhans cells may represent preferred target cells for certain HIV-1 subtypes and thereby facilitate mucocutaneous transmission of HIV-1.
在人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）感染中，由于进行性免疫缺陷，皮肤和黏膜疾病常常在临床表现中占主导地位。皮肤免疫系统的功能损害表现为皮肤迟发型超敏反应丧失，这很可能是由于HIV-1感染了皮肤的免疫活性细胞所致。除了CD4+ T细胞外，抗原呈递朗格汉斯细胞已被确定为HIV-1感染的主要靶细胞。免疫激活过程中朗格汉斯细胞与T淋巴细胞的紧密物理接触表明，这些细胞在HIV-1传播及随后皮肤免疫系统的破坏中起核心作用。此外，有迹象表明，黏膜朗格汉斯细胞可能是某些HIV-1亚型的首选靶细胞，从而促进HIV-1的黏膜皮肤传播。
