Down-regulation of hormone-sensitive lipase in sterol ester-laden J774.2 macrophages.

The development of atherosclerotic plaques in arteries is a key step in atherogenesis, with cholesterol ester accumulation in macrophage-derived foam cells being recognized as a major pathogenic event in this process. In this study, the mouse macrophage cell line J774.2 was induced to accumulate intracellular sterol esters by incubation with 25-hydroxycholesterol in the presence of oleic acid. The accumulation of sterol esters in these cells was found to be accompanied by a marked decrease in the activity of the enzyme responsible for their hydrolysis, namely hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL); Western blotting studies revealed a corresponding decrease in the levels of the HSL polypeptide. Similar findings were obtained after incubation with oxidized low-density lipoprotein or very-low-density lipoprotein. These findings suggest that down-regulation of the expression of HSL is important in cholesterol ester accumulation in macrophages.