Waruiru C M, Newton C R, Forster D, New L, Winstanley P, Mwangi I, Marsh V, Winstanley M, Snow R W, Marsh K
Kenya Medical Research Institute, Clinical Research Centre, Kilifi.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Mar-Apr;90(2):152-5. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90120-0.
Between October 1990 and November 1991 data were collected on the frequency, causes, and nature of epileptic seizures in children admitted to the paediatric ward at Kilifi District Hospital, Kenya, from a defined study area. During this period, 1324 children were studied, of whom 15.8% had seizures as part of their illness. Malaria was by far the commonest cause of seizures, accounting for 69.0%; no other single condition caused more than 4.4%. The proportion of respiratory infections complicated by seizures was 4.0% compared to 31.3% for malaria. Only 25% of malaria-related epileptic seizures were associated with cerebral malaria; the remainder were associated with otherwise uncomplicated malaria and, in this group, 84% had complex seizures, with 47% being partial and over 70% repetitive. There was no relationship with fever, with 54% of observed seizures occurring at rectal temperatures below 38 degrees C. The minimum community incidence of complex seizures in association with non-cerebral malaria was 5.8 per 1000 per year. Complex epileptic seizures in association with otherwise uncomplicated malaria are common and may be a significant cause of longer term morbidity in malaria endemic areas.
1990年10月至1991年11月期间，从肯尼亚基利菲区医院儿科病房收治的、来自特定研究区域的儿童中收集了癫痫发作的频率、病因和性质的数据。在此期间，对1324名儿童进行了研究，其中15.8%的儿童在患病过程中出现了癫痫发作。疟疾是迄今为止癫痫发作最常见的病因，占69.0%；没有其他单一疾病导致的癫痫发作超过4.4%。癫痫发作合并呼吸道感染的比例为4.0%，而疟疾合并癫痫发作的比例为31.3%。与疟疾相关的癫痫发作中，只有25%与脑型疟疾有关；其余与其他未并发的疟疾有关，在这一组中，84%为复杂型癫痫发作，其中47%为部分性发作，超过70%为重复性发作。癫痫发作与发热无关，54%的观察到的癫痫发作发生在直肠温度低于38摄氏度时。与非脑型疟疾相关的复杂型癫痫发作的最低社区发病率为每年每1000人中有5.8例。与其他未并发的疟疾相关的复杂型癫痫发作很常见，可能是疟疾流行地区长期发病的一个重要原因。
