Freeman A W, Nguyen V A, Jolly N
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.
Vision Res. 1996 Mar;36(5):765-74. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(95)00171-9.
Strabismus, the misalignment of the visual axis of one eye relative to that of the other eye, reduces visual acuity in the affected eye. Several processes contributing to that loss are: amblyopia, which results in a chronic acuity loss whether or not the fellow eye is viewing; strabismic deviation, which shifts the image of an acuity target onto more peripheral, and therefore less acute, retina when the fellow eye fixates; interocular suppression and binocular masking, which reduce visibility in the strabismic eye due to neural influences from the other eye. We measured the losses due to these processes in nine small-angle strabismic subjects. Amblyopia reduced acuity by a median of 34% relative to its value in subjects with normal binocular vision, and strabismic deviation produced a loss of 44%. Suppression and masking together reduced acuity by 20%, and therefore had substantially less effect than the other factors.
斜视是一只眼睛的视轴相对于另一只眼睛视轴的不平行，会降低患眼的视力。导致视力丧失的几个因素包括：弱视，无论另一只眼是否注视，都会导致慢性视力丧失；斜视偏差，当另一只眼注视时，会将视力目标的图像转移到视网膜更周边的位置，从而导致视力降低；双眼间抑制和双眼掩蔽，由于另一只眼的神经影响，会降低斜视眼的可见度。我们测量了9名小角度斜视患者因这些因素导致的视力损失。与双眼视力正常的受试者相比，弱视使视力中位数降低了34%，斜视偏差导致视力损失44%。抑制和掩蔽共同作用使视力降低了20%，因此其影响远小于其他因素。
