Bishop P O
Vision Res. 1996 May;36(10):1473-7. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(95)00211-1.
The ability to perceive depth in a random-dot stereogram is a valuable test for the perception of retinal image disparities, whether they arise from the viewing of a stereogram or from the viewing of a real 3-D object. However, a stereogram cannot be regarded as a proper model for the perception of depth in the case of a real 3-D object. This conclusion comes out most clearly in relation to changes in viewing distance. Whereas the viewing of real objects and stereograms both obey the rules of size constancy, this is not the case with depth constancy. With changes in viewing distance, the viewing of real objects obeys the rules of depth constancy. By contrast, the magnitude of the depth intervals in a stereogram are not constant but appear to increase in direct proportion to the increase in viewing distance. In a stereogram these changes in the amplitude of the depth intervals are based on the same mechanisms as those responsible for size constancy.
在随机点立体图中感知深度的能力，对于视网膜图像视差的感知来说是一项有价值的测试，无论这种视差是源于观看立体图还是源于观看真实的三维物体。然而，在真实三维物体的情况下，立体图不能被视为深度感知的恰当模型。这一结论在与观察距离的变化相关时最为明显。虽然观看真实物体和立体图都遵循大小恒常性规则，但深度恒常性并非如此。随着观察距离的变化，观看真实物体遵循深度恒常性规则。相比之下，立体图中深度间隔的大小并非恒定，而是似乎与观察距离的增加成正比增加。在立体图中，深度间隔幅度的这些变化是基于与大小恒常性相同的机制。
