Short M L, Nickel J, Schmitz A, Renkawitz R
Institut für Genetik, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany.
EXS. 1996;75:243-57. doi: 10.1007/978-3-0348-9225-4_13.
Analysis of lysozyme gene expression in chicken and mouse identified two evolutionarily different mechanisms of lysozyme gene regulation. The lysozyme gene in chicken is expressed in the oviduct and macrophage cells with expression regulated by different, partially overlapping sets of tissue specific cis-acting elements. In contrast to chicken, the mouse genome contains two lysozyme genes generated by a gene duplication event allowing each gene to be regulated by its own regulatory region. One gene is expressed in macrophages, the other in Paneth cells of the small intestine. The macrophage-specific gene contains a single strong enhancer in the 3'-flanking sequences that interacts with ubiquitously factors. Cytosine methylation of the core enhancer sequence has been implicated in the regulation of the enhancer activity. In spite of these evolutionary regulatory differences, the chicken lysozyme transgene retains macrophage-specific expression in mice.
对鸡和小鼠溶菌酶基因表达的分析确定了溶菌酶基因调控的两种进化上不同的机制。鸡的溶菌酶基因在输卵管和巨噬细胞中表达，其表达受不同的、部分重叠的组织特异性顺式作用元件调控。与鸡不同，小鼠基因组包含两个由基因复制事件产生的溶菌酶基因，每个基因由其自身的调控区域调控。一个基因在巨噬细胞中表达，另一个在小肠的潘氏细胞中表达。巨噬细胞特异性基因在3'侧翼序列中有一个单一的强增强子，它与普遍存在的因子相互作用。核心增强子序列的胞嘧啶甲基化与增强子活性的调控有关。尽管存在这些进化上的调控差异，但鸡溶菌酶转基因在小鼠中仍保留巨噬细胞特异性表达。
