Spaeth J, Krügelstein U
Klinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde und Plastische Kopf- und Halschirurgie.
Laryngorhinootologie. 1996 Jun;75(6):344-50. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-997592.
Exact knowledge of age- and sex-related development of the paranasal sinuses is essential to assess their role in infantile diseases in the midface region. Moreover it helps to minimize the risk in case of therapeutic intervention.
METHODS/PATIENTS: On the basis of more than 5600 axial computed tomographic images (CT images) we evaluated the sex-related size (width and length) and evidence of the different sinuses from birth to age 25 focussing on the central part of the paranasal sinuses, the ethmoidal cells, and the sphenoidal sinuses.
RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: The sphenoethmoidal complex is of special interest in early ages since it is already completely developed in newborns (ethmoidal cells: 94% for both sexes) or at least shows a rapid development during the first decade. After age 8, both sinuses are almost regularly represented on CT with identical percentages as an indication of common origin. This is confirmed by only slight differences in size between the two sexes (ethmoidal cells: 5,7 - 10,1%: sphenoid sinuses: 5,4-9,7%) after termination of expansion and by similar periods of expansion (ethmoid cells: until age 10, female, to 14, male and female in length; sphenoidal sinuses: until age 14, female, to 15, male and female) which partly differ from the other sinuses. However, the difference between male and female sinuses is statistically significant primarily at later ages (age 25: length of sphenoidal sinuses: p < 0.0001/width of ethmoidal cells: p = 0.0117/length of ethmoidal cells: p = 0.0072). The definitive size of the ethmoidal cells (male: width 16.4 mm x length 40.7 mm: female: 14.9 mm x 38.5 mm) agrees with the results obtained from anatomic and radiologic studies. In contrast, we found substantial variability in both directions (up to 214%) for the sphenoidal sinuses. Since on almost 60-70% of the CT images the intersphenoidal septum was not represented, we can provide more detailed data about the whole sphenoidal complex (male: width 31.0 mm x length 24.5 mm; female: 29.4 mm x 26.9 mm). In conclusion, our findings agree with the data from other studies using different methods. Moreover we can determine size of the different sinuses at any time between birth and age 25 for both sexes. The ethmoidal cells and the sphenoidal sinuses are highly significant in early infantile paranasal sinus diseases.
准确了解鼻窦与年龄和性别的发育情况对于评估其在婴幼儿面中部疾病中的作用至关重要。此外，这有助于在进行治疗干预时将风险降至最低。
方法/患者：基于5600多张轴向计算机断层扫描图像（CT图像），我们评估了从出生到25岁不同鼻窦的性别相关大小（宽度和长度）以及发育情况，重点关注鼻窦的中央部分、筛窦小房和蝶窦。
结果/结论：蝶筛复合体在早期特别受关注，因为它在新生儿中已完全发育（筛窦小房：男女均为94%），或者至少在第一个十年中显示出快速发育。8岁以后，两个鼻窦在CT上几乎都有规律地显示，且比例相同，这表明它们有共同的起源。在扩张结束后，两性之间的大小差异仅略有不同（筛窦小房：5.7 - 10.1%；蝶窦：5.4 - 9.7%），且扩张期相似（筛窦小房：女性到10岁，男性和女性长度到14岁；蝶窦：女性到14岁，男性和女性到15岁），这与其他鼻窦部分不同。然而，男女鼻窦之间的差异主要在较晚年龄具有统计学意义（25岁时：蝶窦长度：p < 0.0001/筛窦小房宽度：p = 0.0117/筛窦小房长度：p = 0.0072）。筛窦小房的最终大小（男性：宽度16.4毫米×长度40.7毫米；女性：14.9毫米×38.5毫米）与解剖学和放射学研究结果一致。相比之下，我们发现蝶窦在两个方向上都有很大的变异性（高达214%）。由于在几乎60 - 70%的CT图像上未显示蝶骨间隔，我们可以提供关于整个蝶窦复合体更详细的数据（男性：宽度31.0毫米×长度24.5毫米；女性：29.4毫米×26.9毫米）。总之，我们的发现与其他使用不同方法的研究数据一致。此外，我们可以确定出生至25岁之间任何时间男女不同鼻窦的大小。筛窦小房和蝶窦在早期婴幼儿鼻窦疾病中具有高度重要性。
