Catania S, Ajassa C, Tzantzoglou S, Bellagamba R, Berardelli G, Catania N
Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali dell Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Roma.
Riv Eur Sci Med Farmacol. 1996 Jan-Feb;18(1):7-9.
The authors evaluated the incidence of infection by hepatitis A virus (HAV) in a paediatric population through a seroepidemiological investigation in a group of 278 children (0-12 years old), apparently healthy. The determination of anti-HAV antibodies was carried out by ELISA-test. Of the 287 examined sera, 27 cases turned out HAV positive antibodies (9.7%), with the following distribution, according to the groups of age: 0-3 months: 2 of 6 children were positive (mother's antibodies); 3 months-2 years: 6 of 112 (5.35%); 2-6 years: 10 of 93 (10.75%); 6-12 years: 11 of 67 (16.41%). With regard to distribution of anti-HAV antibodies by sex, 23 (15.03%) males of 153 resulted positive, whereas 4 (3.2%) females of 125 resulted positive. The decline of HAV infection in the paediatric age involves a possible shift of the risk to the adult age. It's advisable that the vaccination against hepatitis A in first period should be reserved for the subjects at risk and later both for unweaned and children in order to eradicate the infection.
作者通过对一组278名（0至12岁）看似健康的儿童进行血清流行病学调查，评估了甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）在儿科人群中的感染发生率。抗-HAV抗体的测定通过ELISA检测进行。在287份检测血清中，27例抗-HAV抗体呈阳性（9.7%），根据年龄组分布如下：0至3个月：6名儿童中有2名呈阳性（母亲抗体）；3个月至2岁：112名中有6名（5.35%）；2至6岁：93名中有10名（10.75%）；6至12岁：67名中有11名（16.41%）。关于抗-HAV抗体按性别分布情况，153名男性中有23名（15.03%）呈阳性，而125名女性中有4名（3.2%）呈阳性。儿童期HAV感染率的下降可能会使风险转移至成年期。建议首先应为高危人群接种甲型肝炎疫苗，之后应为未断奶婴儿和儿童接种，以根除感染。
