Gerwin N, Jia G Q, Kulbacki R, Gutierrez-Ramos J C
Center for Blood Research, Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Dev Immunol. 1995;4(3):169-79. doi: 10.1155/1995/26830.
Control of growth and differentiation during mammalian embryogenesis is regulated by growth factors from embryonic and/or maternal sources. Cytokines are polypeptide growth factors that are released by a variety of activated immune and nonimmune cells. To identify novel members of the cytokine family that could be involved in the growth and differentiation of the preimplantation embryo, we studied the expression pattern of several genes encoding cytokines and their receptors during mouse preimplantation development in vitro. We found that poly(A)+ mRNAs for IL-1, IL-3, IL-6, IL-7, and TNF alpha are differentially expressed at several stages of mouse preimplantation development, including unfertilized oocytes. Immunostaining of preimplantation embryos using monoclonal antibodies specific for several cytokines and their receptors revealed that at least some of these mRNAs are translated into mature proteins during preimplantation development (IL-1, IL-6, and TNF alpha). Positive staining for IL-1 and IL-6 receptors was also detected at these stages of development. The controlled expression of these "inflammatory-type" cytokines and their receptors suggests a role for these growth factors during the early phases of mouse ontogeny.
哺乳动物胚胎发生过程中的生长和分化调控受来自胚胎和/或母体来源的生长因子调节。细胞因子是由多种活化的免疫和非免疫细胞释放的多肽生长因子。为了鉴定可能参与植入前胚胎生长和分化的细胞因子家族新成员，我们研究了几种编码细胞因子及其受体的基因在小鼠体外植入前发育过程中的表达模式。我们发现，IL-1、IL-3、IL-6、IL-7和TNFα的聚腺苷酸加尾mRNA在小鼠植入前发育的几个阶段有差异表达，包括未受精卵母细胞。使用针对几种细胞因子及其受体的单克隆抗体对植入前胚胎进行免疫染色显示，在植入前发育过程中，这些mRNA中的至少一些被翻译成成熟蛋白（IL-1、IL-6和TNFα）。在这些发育阶段也检测到IL-1和IL-6受体的阳性染色。这些“炎症型”细胞因子及其受体的受控表达表明这些生长因子在小鼠个体发育早期阶段发挥作用。
