Stevenson R C, McCabe C J, Pharoah P O, Cooke R W
Department of Economics, University of Liverpool.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1996 Mar;74(2):F114-7. doi: 10.1136/fn.74.2.f114.
To determine the extra cost of healthcare associated with low birthweight, in a cohort study of a geographically defined population in five health districts that comprise Merseyside.
The study comprised all children of birthweight < or = 1500 g and a 10% random sample of those weighing 1501-2000 g, without clinical disability, born in 1980 and 1981 to mothers resident in Merseyside, and their controls, matched by age, sex, and school class, followed up to age 8-9 years.
The cost of care associated with the initial admission to the neonatal special/intensive care unit and subsequent use of hospital and family practitioner services was assessed. There were 641 survivors without disability and 227 non-survivors who weighed < or = 2000 g at birth. The mean cost of neonatal care per low birthweight child was 13 times greater than for a control child. For children weighing < or = 1000 g at birth, neonatal costs were 55 times greater than for the control children. Low birthweight children continue to use hospital and family practitioner services more intensively than controls to age 8-9 years.
Low birthweight children used hospital and family practitioner services more intensively throughout the follow up period. Whether the increased use of health services persists into adolescence and adulthood is yet to be determined.
在一项针对默西塞德郡五个卫生区地理界定人群的队列研究中，确定与低出生体重相关的医疗保健额外费用。
该研究纳入了1980年和1981年出生于默西塞德郡、出生体重≤1500克的所有儿童，以及体重在1501 - 2000克的儿童中10%的随机样本，这些儿童无临床残疾，其对照按年龄、性别和学校班级匹配，随访至8 - 9岁。
评估了与首次入住新生儿特殊/重症监护病房以及随后使用医院和家庭医生服务相关的护理费用。有641名无残疾幸存者和227名出生体重≤2000克的非幸存者。每个低出生体重儿童的新生儿护理平均费用是对照儿童的13倍。对于出生体重≤1000克的儿童，新生儿费用是对照儿童的55倍。低出生体重儿童在8 - 9岁之前持续比对照儿童更频繁地使用医院和家庭医生服务。
在整个随访期间，低出生体重儿童更频繁地使用医院和家庭医生服务。卫生服务的增加使用是否会持续到青春期和成年期尚待确定。
