Love R C
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
Pharmacotherapy. 1996 Jan-Feb;16(1 Pt 2):6-10.
Novel antipsychotic agents differ from conventional ones in several key characteristics, including effectiveness, adverse reactions, and receptor-binding profile. Most of the newer agents have an affinity for the serotonin 5HT2 receptor that is at least 10 times greater than that for the dopamine D2 receptor. This increased affinity for the serotonin receptor may be responsible for another distinguishing characteristic of novel antipsychotic agents--decreased frequency of extrapyramidal side effects. These side effects, which include pseudoparkinsonism, acute dystonias, and akathisia, frequently are the reason for noncompliance with conventional drug therapy. The newer drugs are often effective in patients resistant to treatment with conventional agents. They also appear to reduce the negative symptoms of schizophrenia in many patients.
新型抗精神病药物在几个关键特性上与传统药物不同，包括疗效、不良反应和受体结合谱。大多数新型药物对5-羟色胺5HT2受体的亲和力至少比对多巴胺D2受体的亲和力大10倍。对5-羟色胺受体亲和力的增加可能是新型抗精神病药物另一个显著特征的原因——锥体外系副作用的发生率降低。这些副作用包括类帕金森症、急性肌张力障碍和静坐不能，常常是患者不依从传统药物治疗的原因。新型药物对传统药物治疗无效的患者往往有效。它们似乎还能减轻许多精神分裂症患者的阴性症状。
