Goel N, Lee T M
Department of Psychology, East University, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1109, USA.
Physiol Behav. 1996 Apr-May;59(4-5):817-26. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(95)02141-8.
Previous experiments with female Octodon degus showed that entrained males (donors) inhibited and entrained females accelerated female phase-shifters' teentrainment rates of temperature and activity rhythms following 6-h advances. In this experiment, entrained males were housed with other entrained males or with phase-shifting females (experiencing a phase advance of the light-dark (LD) cycle) and entrained females were housed with other entrained females or with phase-shifting females. Pairs separated by a barrier were videotaped for 66 h to identify the behavioral interactions that underlie the opposite effects of donor social cues on reentrainment rates in females. As reported previously, female phase-shifters housed with entrained females reentrained faster than those "housed with entrained males following 6-h advances. Despite accelerated reentrainment, the timing or total durations of general activity, sleep, cage investigation, barrier investigation, and scent marking did not differ between female phase-shifters housed with male or female donors, although all phase-shifters increased investigatory behaviors compared to entrained animals. In contrast, male and female donors housed with female phase-shifters increased the frequency of scent marking and the duration of cage and barrier investigation compared with those housed with entrained same-sex conspecifics. Changes in scent marking and sniffing investigation suggest olfactory cues, not alterations in sleep or other daily rhythms, supply the critical social influence necessary to alter reentrainment rates in females. Daily and/or specific phase increases in motor activity did not correlate with accelerated reentrainment. We suggest that the salience of social cues perceived by female phase-shifters, female phase-shifters' sensitivity to cues and/or the strength of emitted donor cues may contribute to differential responses of the circadian system in females housed with male vs. female donors.
先前对雌性八齿鼠进行的实验表明，经过同步化的雄性（供体）会抑制，而经过同步化的雌性会加速雌性相位转移者在6小时提前后体温和活动节律的重新同步化速率。在本实验中，将经过同步化的雄性与其他经过同步化的雄性或与相位转移的雌性（经历明暗（LD）周期提前）饲养在一起，将经过同步化的雌性与其他经过同步化的雌性或与相位转移的雌性饲养在一起。用屏障隔开的配对被录像66小时，以确定供体社会线索对雌性重新同步化速率产生相反影响背后的行为相互作用。如先前报道，与经过同步化的雌性饲养在一起的雌性相位转移者比经过6小时提前后与经过同步化的雄性饲养在一起的雌性重新同步化得更快。尽管重新同步化加速，但与雄性或雌性供体饲养在一起的雌性相位转移者在一般活动、睡眠、笼内探究、屏障探究和气味标记的时间或总持续时间上没有差异，尽管与经过同步化的动物相比，所有相位转移者的探究行为都有所增加。相比之下，与雌性相位转移者饲养在一起的雄性和雌性供体与与经过同步化的同性同种个体饲养在一起的相比，气味标记的频率以及笼内和屏障探究的持续时间增加。气味标记和嗅探探究的变化表明，嗅觉线索而非睡眠或其他日常节律的改变，提供了改变雌性重新同步化速率所需的关键社会影响。运动活动的每日和/或特定相位增加与加速重新同步化无关。我们认为，雌性相位转移者感知到的社会线索的显著性、雌性相位转移者对线索的敏感性和/或发出的供体线索的强度，可能导致与雄性和雌性供体饲养在一起的雌性昼夜节律系统的不同反应。
