Hozer Clara, Pifferi Fabien, Aujard Fabienne, Perret Martine
UMR CNRS MNHN 7179, Brunoy, France.
Front Physiol. 2019 Aug 9;10:1033. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01033. eCollection 2019.
Circadian rhythms, which measure time on a scale of 24 h, are genetically generated by the circadian clock, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of almost every physiological and metabolic process in most organisms. This review gathers all the available information about the circadian clock in a small Malagasy primate, the gray mouse lemur (), and reports 30 years data from the historical colony at Brunoy (France). Although the mouse lemur has long been seen as a "primitive" species, its clock displays high phenotypic plasticity, allowing perfect adaptation of its biological rhythms to environmental challenges (seasonality, food availability). The alterations of the circadian timing system in during aging show many similarities with those in human aging. Comparisons are drawn with other mammalian species (more specifically, with rodents, other non-human primates and humans) to demonstrate that the gray mouse lemur is a good complementary and alternative model for studying the circadian clock and, more broadly, brain aging and pathologies.
昼夜节律以24小时为时间尺度，由生物钟基因产生，生物钟在大多数生物体中几乎每一个生理和代谢过程的调节中都起着关键作用。本综述收集了有关马达加斯加小型灵长类动物灰鼠狐猴生物钟的所有可用信息，并报告了法国布鲁努瓦历史殖民地30年的数据。尽管鼠狐猴长期以来被视为“原始”物种，但其生物钟表现出高度的表型可塑性，使其生物节律能够完美适应环境挑战（季节性、食物供应）。衰老过程中昼夜节律系统的改变与人类衰老过程中的改变有许多相似之处。通过与其他哺乳动物物种（更具体地说，与啮齿动物、其他非人类灵长类动物和人类）进行比较，以证明灰鼠狐猴是研究生物钟，更广泛地说，是研究大脑衰老和病理学的良好补充和替代模型。
