Ko S M, Kua E H, Ang A
Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Hospital, Singapore.
Singapore Med J. 1995 Dec;36(6):647-50.
A retrospective study of 100 consecutive elderly Chinese patients (29 males, 71 females) aged 65 years and above admitted to a general hospital psychiatric unit, showed a predominance of depressive disorders (n = 36) and dementia (n = 26). Depressed patients (mean age = 72.0; SD = 5.8) were significantly younger than demented patients (mean age = 75.6; SD = 6.7) (p < 0.03). Patients with depressive disorders presented with low mood, sleep disturbance, attempted suicide as well as vague somatic symptoms in the absence of organic causes. Those suffering from dementia presented with cognitive dysfunctions (especially memory impairment), confusional state, deteriorated self care and sleep disturbance. More than three quarters of the depressed patients were prescribed antidepressants, and five had required electroconvulsive therapy. Almost nine out of every ten patients had co-existing physical disorders, with one in two being afflicted by two or more physical disorders; the average number of physical disorders was 1.55 per patient. The commonest were cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension (37%) and ischaemic heart diseases (12%). Endocrine disorders like diabetes mellitus, constituted 21%. The mean duration of admission of all patients was 16.3 days (SD = 12.6 days.)
一项针对一家综合医院精神科收治的100例65岁及以上的中国老年患者（29例男性，71例女性）的回顾性研究表明，抑郁障碍（n = 36）和痴呆（n = 26）占主导地位。抑郁患者（平均年龄 = 72.0；标准差 = 5.8）明显比痴呆患者（平均年龄 = 75.6；标准差 = 6.7）年轻（p < 0.03）。抑郁障碍患者表现为情绪低落、睡眠障碍、自杀未遂以及无器质性病因的模糊躯体症状。患有痴呆的患者表现出认知功能障碍（尤其是记忆障碍）、意识模糊状态、自我护理能力下降和睡眠障碍。超过四分之三的抑郁患者被开了抗抑郁药，5例需要接受电休克治疗。几乎十分之九的患者同时患有躯体疾病，其中二分之一的患者患有两种或更多种躯体疾病；每位患者的躯体疾病平均数量为1.55种。最常见的是心血管疾病，如高血压（37%）和缺血性心脏病（12%）。内分泌疾病如糖尿病占21%。所有患者的平均住院时间为16.3天（标准差 = 12.6天）。
