Calabresi P, Pisani A, Mercuri N B, Bernardi G
Clinica Neurologica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy.
Trends Neurosci. 1996 Jan;19(1):19-24. doi: 10.1016/0166-2236(96)81862-5.
Corticostriatal transmission has an important function in the regulation of the neuronal activity of the basal ganglia. The firing activity of corticostriatal neurones excites striatal cells via the release of glutamate. Presynaptic receptors that are located on corticostriatal terminals and that regulate the release of glutamate in the striatum have been postulated for dopamine and glutamate. Activation of these receptors may exert a negative feed-back on the striatal release of glutamate. High-frequency activation of corticostriatal fibres causes either long-term depression or long-term potentiation of excitatory transmission depending on the subclass of glutamate receptor that is activated. These forms of synaptic plasticity could be involved in motor learning. Alterations in striatal synaptic plasticity might be implicated in Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease.
皮质纹状体投射在基底神经节神经元活动的调节中具有重要作用。皮质纹状体神经元的放电活动通过释放谷氨酸来兴奋纹状体细胞。位于皮质纹状体终末且调节纹状体中谷氨酸释放的突触前受体，已被推测与多巴胺和谷氨酸有关。这些受体的激活可能对纹状体谷氨酸的释放产生负反馈。皮质纹状体纤维的高频激活会根据所激活的谷氨酸受体亚类，导致兴奋性传递的长时程抑制或长时程增强。这些形式的突触可塑性可能参与运动学习。纹状体突触可塑性的改变可能与帕金森病和亨廷顿病有关。
