Higo R, Iwamori M
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 1995 Nov-Dec;57(6):333-7. doi: 10.1159/000276776.
Cholesterol sulfate (CS) is widely distributed in mammalian tissues and various physiological roles for it have been suggested, but the presence of CS in the nasal tissues has not yet been reported. This is the first report in which the CS content and the activity of its regulatory enzymes, cholesterol sulfotransferase (CST) and cholesterol sulfate sulfatase (CSS), in the nasal mucosa of the guinea pig were examined and compared with those in the oral and tracheal mucosae. The highest concentration of CS was detected in the oral mucosa and the second highest in the nasal mucosa. The activity of CST was also highest in the oral mucosa and the second highest in the nasal mucosa. On the other hand, that of CSS was highest in the tracheal mucosa. The accumulation of CS is assumed to be related to squamous differentiation, because the activity of transglutaminase type 1 in the nasal, oral and tracheal mucosae coincided with the order of the concentration of CS in those tissues. These results suggested that the accumulation of CS is correlated with the morphological differences between the oral stratified squamous and the nasal or tracheal pseudostratified epithelium, and furthermore that the nasal epithelium is more susceptible to squamous metaplasia than the tracheal epithelium in the guinea pig.
硫酸胆固醇（CS）广泛分布于哺乳动物组织中，人们已经提出了它的多种生理作用，但尚未有关于CS在鼻组织中存在的报道。本研究首次检测了豚鼠鼻粘膜中CS的含量及其调节酶胆固醇硫酸转移酶（CST）和硫酸胆固醇硫酸酯酶（CSS）的活性，并与口腔和气管粘膜中的进行了比较。结果发现，口腔粘膜中CS浓度最高，鼻粘膜次之。CST的活性在口腔粘膜中也最高，鼻粘膜次之。另一方面，CSS的活性在气管粘膜中最高。由于鼻、口腔和气管粘膜中1型转谷氨酰胺酶的活性与这些组织中CS浓度的顺序一致，因此推测CS的积累与鳞状分化有关。这些结果表明，CS的积累与口腔复层鳞状上皮和鼻或气管假复层上皮之间的形态学差异相关，此外，在豚鼠中，鼻上皮比气管上皮更容易发生鳞状化生。
