Bonnaud F
Comité national contre les maladies respiratoires et la tuberculose (CNMRT), Paris.
Rev Prat. 1996 Jun 1;46(11):1362-7.
The reappearance of tuberculosis in France, in Europe and throughout the world has rekindled interest not only in curative treatment of the disease but also in its prevention. Since its appearance in 1921, the BCG vaccine has been the subject of debate; however, recent studies have fully demonstrated its interest, particularly in countries where tuberculosis is most endemic. The technical aspects of the treatment have changed little and are essentially based on intrademic administration, but the impact of BCG, especially for individual protection, are discussed. Its role in protection of the general population and in prevention of tuberculosis requires careful analysis. Study of iatrogenic effects of the vaccine shows that its side effects are minor when recommendations for use are followed. With the development of molecular biology techniques and mycobacteria genetics, the future use of the BCG vaccine seems promising.
结核病在法国、欧洲乃至全世界再度出现，这不仅重新引发了人们对该病治疗的兴趣，也唤起了对其预防的关注。自1921年卡介苗出现以来，一直备受争议；然而，最近的研究充分证明了它的价值，尤其是在结核病最为流行的国家。治疗的技术层面变化不大，主要基于皮内接种，但卡介苗的影响，特别是对个体的保护作用，仍在讨论之中。它在保护普通人群和预防结核病方面的作用需要仔细分析。对该疫苗医源性影响的研究表明，只要遵循使用建议，其副作用较小。随着分子生物学技术和分枝杆菌遗传学的发展，卡介苗的未来应用前景似乎很广阔。
