Cook T M, Seavell C R, Cox C M
Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia.
Anaesthesia. 1996 Aug;51(8):787-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1996.tb07899.x.
Conditions for insertion of a laryngeal mask airway in 90 unpremedicated adult were patients were assessed in a randomised, single-blinded trial. Each patient received fentanyl 1 microgram.kg-1 and thiopentone 5 mg.kg-1, and this was preceded either by lignocaine 0.5 mg.kg-1 intravenously (group 1), lignocaine 1.5 mg.kg-1 intravenously (group 2) or 40 mg of topical lignocaine spray to the posterior pharyngeal wall (group 3). Conditions for laryngeal mask airway insertion were recorded. The group receiving topical lignocaine had a lower incidence of laryngospasm (p < 0.05), required fewer attempts for successful insertion of the laryngeal mask (p < 0.05) and coughed or gagged less frequently than either group receiving lignocaine intravenously (p > 0.05). Overall, the conditions for laryngeal mask airway insertion were better in the topical group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in haemodynamic response and apnoea between the three groups. Topical lignocaine spray prior to thiopentone provides conditions for insertion of a laryngeal mask that are superior to those provided by lignocaine and thiopentone intravenously.
在一项随机、单盲试验中，对90例未使用术前药的成年患者插入喉罩气道的条件进行了评估。每位患者均接受1微克/千克的芬太尼和5毫克/千克的硫喷妥钠，在此之前，分别静脉注射0.5毫克/千克的利多卡因（第1组）、1.5毫克/千克的利多卡因（第2组）或对咽后壁喷洒40毫克的利多卡因局部喷雾剂（第3组）。记录插入喉罩气道的条件。接受局部利多卡因治疗的组喉痉挛发生率较低（p<0.05），成功插入喉罩所需的尝试次数较少（p<0.05），咳嗽或 gagging（此处原文可能有误，推测为“呛咳”）的频率低于接受静脉注射利多卡因的任何一组（p>0.05）。总体而言，局部用药组插入喉罩气道的条件更好（p<0.05）。三组之间的血流动力学反应和呼吸暂停无显著差异。硫喷妥钠之前使用局部利多卡因喷雾剂为插入喉罩提供的条件优于静脉注射利多卡因和硫喷妥钠所提供的条件。
