Gauld S C
Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1996 Jul;100(3):411-26. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199607)100:3<411::AID-AJPA8>3.0.CO;2-W.
The interspecific allometry of five measures of total cranial bone thickness is examined in 10 extant catarrhine genera and two fossil hominid samples representing A. africanus and Asian H. erectus. Analysis of the modern sample shows that most interspecific variation in vault thickness can be accounted for by variation in body size. Correlation values are moderate to high (r = 0.75-0.98), and all variables exhibit positive allometry. The bone thickness: body mass relationship of modern humans broadly conforms with that of other primates. However, in the distribution of relative thickness throughout the skull, H. sapiens is distinguished by relative thickening of the parietal and extreme relative thinning of the temporal squama. The bone thickness: body mass relationship in the two early hominid species is examined using published mean body weight estimates generated from post-cranial predictor variables. A. africanus exhibits great similarity to modern humans in its relation to the catarrhine regression data and in the distribution of relative thickness throughout the skull. H. erectus also shows a modern human-like pattern in the distribution of its relative thickness; however, its bone thickness: body mass relationship is dissimilar to that displayed by all other taxa, including the other hominid species. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that the published body weight estimate assigned to H. erectus greatly underestimates actual mean body size for Asian members of this species.
在10个现存的狭鼻猴属以及代表南方古猿和亚洲直立人的两个化石原始人类样本中，研究了颅骨总厚度五个测量指标的种间异速生长。对现代样本的分析表明，颅顶厚度的大多数种间变异可由体型变异来解释。相关值为中等至高（r = 0.75 - 0.98），且所有变量均呈现正异速生长。现代人类的骨厚度与体重关系大致与其他灵长类动物相符。然而，在整个颅骨相对厚度的分布上，智人以顶骨相对增厚和颞鳞极度相对变薄为特征。利用根据颅后预测变量得出的已发表平均体重估计值，研究了这两个早期原始人类物种的骨厚度与体重关系。南方古猿在与狭鼻猴回归数据的关系以及整个颅骨相对厚度的分布上，与现代人类表现出极大的相似性。直立人在其相对厚度分布上也呈现出类似现代人类的模式；然而，其骨厚度与体重关系与所有其他分类群（包括其他原始人类物种）所显示的关系不同。基于这些结果，有人提出，分配给直立人的已发表体重估计值大大低估了该物种亚洲成员的实际平均体型。
